The Rôle of Carbon Dioxide in Biological Processes
نویسنده
چکیده
The discussion of carbon dioxide in its relation to biology, to the exclusion of other components of the system is a difficult, if not altogether impossible, task. We may, however, consider in a more or less general manner, certain processes in which C02 appears to be an important factor, and some of the phases of its action which have attracted particular attention. Many applications of C02 in the industries and in medicine could be enumerated. These applications , especially those in medicine and biology, have become possible only through an understanding of the fundamental biological processes in which C02 plays a role of prime importance. The study of such biological phenomena and the recognition of the function of C02 present a fascinating chapter in the development of biological science. Students of plant and animal physiology, as well as a large group of microbiologists, have contributed to the conception that certain physio-chemical reactions in which C02 plays a role are evidently common to all forms of living cells. Although it had been observed'", as far back as I674, that a certain constituent of air now known as oxygen and responsible for ordinary combustion, is also essential in respiration, the products of respiration were not recognized until the latter part of the i8th and the beginning of the Igth century. The respiration phenomenon in plants and animals was studied simultaneously by the same investigators, and Priestley (I774), studying the effect of plants on air vitiated by mouse respiration, observed that this air became capable of supporting animal life when green plants were allowed to remain in it. This indicated a reverse process, namely a reduction of C02 by the plants. Scheele disputed the correctness of this claim. His experiments were, however, conducted in the absence of daylight. It remained for Ingen-Hausz (I799) to reconcile the views of these two men. He showed that oxygen was evolved and that the purification of the air took place only in the presence of light.
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
دوره 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2008